Go SDK：创建和管理账户

Go SDK 提供多种生成账户凭据的方式，可使用：

aptos.NewEd25519Account()
aptos.NewSecp256k1Account()
aptos.NewEd25519SingleSenderAccount()
aptos.NewAccountFromSigner()
aptos.NewEd25519AccountFromMnemonic()
aptos.NewEd25519AccountFromDerivationPath()

NewEd25519Account() 是最常用于为新账户创建密钥的方法。它默认使用 ED25519 密钥类型，但也可按以下方式指定所需的签名方案：

// To derive an ed25519 account
account1, err := aptos.NewEd25519Account()
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to create account:" + err.Error())
}

// To derive a secp256k1 account
account2, err := aptos.NewSecp256k1Account()
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to create account:" + err.Error())
}

生成凭据后，必须为账户注资，网络才能识别其存在。

在 Devnet 环境中，可通过 faucet 使用以下命令完成：

client, err := aptos.NewClient(aptos.DevnetConfig)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to create client:" + err.Error())
}

// Fund an account with 1 Devnet APT
err = client.Fund(account1.Address, 100_000_000)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to fund account:" + err.Error())
}

在 Testnet 上，可在铸造页面领取代币。

表示账户的其他方式

如果拥有私钥或等效表示，可以用它创建 Account 结构体，并在使用 Go SDK 时管理这些凭据。

以下示例展示如何通过特定编码方案实现此目的。

从私钥派生账户

SDK 支持使用 NewAccountFromSigner() 方法从私钥派生账户。此外，该方法支持根据私钥和账户地址派生账户。此方法使用本地计算，因此用于派生尚未轮换认证密钥的 Account。

// to derive an account with a Ed25519 key scheme
privateKey := &aptos.Ed25519PrivateKey{}
err := privateKey.FromHex(privateKeyHex)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to parse private key:" + err.Error())
}
account, err := aptos.NewAccountFromSigner(privateKey)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to derive account:" + err.Error())
}

// to derive an account with a Single Sender Ed25519 key scheme
privateKey := &aptos.Ed25519PrivateKey{}
err := privateKey.FromHex(privateKeyHex)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to parse private key:" + err.Error())
}
singleSigner := &crypto.SingleSigner{Signer: privateKey}
account, err = aptos.NewAccountFromSigner(singleSigner)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to derive account:" + err.Error())
}

// to derive an account with a Single Sender Secp256k1 key scheme
privateKey := &aptos.Secp256k1PrivateKey{}
err := privateKey.FromHex(privateKeyHex)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to parse private key:" + err.Error())
}
singleSigner := &crypto.SingleSigner{Signer: privateKey}
account, err = aptos.NewAccountFromSigner(singleSigner)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to derive account:" + err.Error())
}

// to derive an account with a private key and account address
var address aptos.AccountAddress
err = address.ParseStringRelaxed(addressHex)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to parse address:" + err.Error())
}
privateKey := &aptos.Ed25519PrivateKey{}
err = privateKey.FromHex(privateKeyHex)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to parse private key:" + err.Error())
}
account, err = aptos.NewAccountFromSigner(privateKey, address)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to derive account:" + err.Error())
}

从助记词派生账户

account, err := aptos.NewEd25519AccountFromMnemonic(mnemonic)
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to derive account:" + err.Error())
}

account, err = aptos.NewEd25519AccountFromDerivationPath(mnemonic, "m/44'/637'/0'/0'/0'")
if err != nil {
  panic("Failed to derive account:" + err.Error())
}