调试 Move

Move 设计得简单且安全,但与所有编程语言一样,仍然可能出现错误.本指南将帮助您调试 Move 代码并找出问题所在.

请随时贡献额外的工具和信息,以帮助社区中的其他人.

使用 Aptos CLI 进行调试

交易提交时的模拟

您可以使用 Aptos CLI 在执行之前模拟入口函数.

通常,如果交易在链上无法执行,模拟时也会失败.例如:

aptos move run --function-id 0x1::aptos_account::transfer --args address:0x1 u64:1000000000000000000
{
  "Error": "Simulation failed with status: Move abort in 0x1::coin: EINSUFFICIENT_BALANCE(0x10006): Not enough coins to complete transaction"
}

同样适用于 Move 脚本.例如:

 aptos move run-script --script-path <script_path> ...

本地模拟

此外,在某些情况下,本地模拟可能会提供额外的信息,并打印出您代码中的任何调试语句.

aptos move run --function-id 0x1::aptos_account::transferred --args address:0x1 u64:1000000000000000000 --local

Simulating transaction locally...
{
  "Result": {
    "transaction_hash": "0x4115316915d409ba4106632c82d4b09220035ffdbd0b86bbe29a586d03d06318",
    "gas_used": 3,
    "gas_unit_price": 100,
    "sender": "78077fe8db589e1a3407170cf8af3bd60a8c95737918c15dd6f49dcbecc7900a",
    "success": false,
    "version": 56634003,
    "vm_status": "status FUNCTION_RESOLUTION_FAILURE of type Verification with message Function 0x1::aptos_account::transferred does not exist"
  }
}

Gas 分析和追踪

添加 gas 分析将额外提供计算中使用的 gas 量的追踪能力:

aptos move run --function-id 0x1::aptos_account::transferred --args address:0x1 u64:1000000000000000000 --profile-gas

Simulating transaction locally using the gas profiler...
Gas report saved to gas-profiling/txn-a90ca655-0x1-aptos_account-transferred.
{
  "Result": {
    "transaction_hash": "0xa90ca6550dcdd7f514f4cdcdee7dc1fbee17082fcf68f3db3e5755a93b89bcfc",
    "gas_used": 3,
    "gas_unit_price": 100,
    "sender": "78077fe8db589e1a3407170cf8af3bd60a8c95737918c15dd6f49dcbecc7900a",
    "success": false,
    "version": 56651618,
    "vm_status": "status FUNCTION_RESOLUTION_FAILURE of type Verification with message Function 0x1::aptos_account::transferred does not exist"
  }
}

这将生成一个可在 HTML 格式中查看的 gas 报告:

open  gas-profiling/txn-a90ca655-0x1-aptos_account-transferred/index.html

评估性能

aptos move run --function-id 0x1::aptos_account::transfer --args address:0x1 u64:1 --benchmark

Benchmarking transaction locally...
Running time (cold code cache): 22.144458ms
Running time (warm code cache): 669.5µs
{
  "Result": {
    "transaction_hash": "0x7cdf37ff4d798b3ac3f1e860a40428853e381598a511b9291f2a49e5ff6262a0",
    "gas_used": 11,
    "gas_unit_price": 100,
    "sender": "78077fe8db589e1a3407170cf8af3bd60a8c95737918c15dd6f49dcbecc7900a",
    "success": true,
    "version": 56679764,
    "vm_status": "status EXECUTED of type Execution"
  }
}