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构建CLI使用 Move 合约JSON 参数教程

JSON 参数教程

包信息

本节引用 CliArgs 示例包，其包含以下清单：

move.toml
[package]
name = "CliArgs"
version = "0.1.0"
upgrade_policy = "compatible"
 
[addresses]
test_account = "_"
 
[dependencies]
AptosFramework = { git = "https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-framework.git", rev = "mainnet", subdir = "aptos-framework" }

在这里，包以命名地址 test_account 部署。

ℹ️

将你的工作目录设置为 aptos-move/move-examples/cli_args 以便跟随：

Terminal
cd <aptos-core-parent-directory>/aptos-core/aptos-move/move-examples/cli_args

部署包

首先为将要部署包的 Ace 生成一个虚荣地址：

Terminal
aptos key generate \
    --vanity-prefix 0xace \
    --output-file ace.key
输出
Terminal
{
  "Result": {
    "Account Address:": "0xacef1b9b7d4ab208b99fed60746d18dcd74865edb7eb3c3f1428233988e4ba46",
    "PublicKey Path": "ace.key.pub",
    "PrivateKey Path": "ace.key"
  }
}
ℹ️

确切的账户地址在每次运行时应有所不同，但虚荣前缀不应改变。

将 Ace 的地址存储在 shell 变量中，以便稍后可以内联调用：

Terminal
# 你的确切地址会有所不同
ace_addr=0xacef1b9b7d4ab208b99fed60746d18dcd74865edb7eb3c3f1428233988e4ba46

通过水龙头为 Ace 的账户提供资金（仅在开发网上有效）：

Terminal
aptos account fund-with-faucet --account $ace_addr
输出
Terminal
{
  "Result": "Added 100000000 Octas to account acef1b9b7d4ab208b99fed60746d18dcd74865edb7eb3c3f1428233988e4ba46"
}

现在在 Ace 的账户下发布包：

Terminal
aptos move publish \
    --named-addresses test_account=$ace_addr \
    --private-key-file ace.key \
    --assume-yes
输出
Terminal
{
  "Result": {
    "transaction_hash": "0x1d7b074dd95724c5459a1c30fe4cb3875e7b0478cc90c87c8e3f21381625bec1",
    "gas_used": 1294,
    "gas_unit_price": 100,
    "sender": "acef1b9b7d4ab208b99fed60746d18dcd74865edb7eb3c3f1428233988e4ba46",
    "sequence_number": 0,
    "success": true,
    "timestamp_us": 1685077849297587,
    "version": 528422121,
    "vm_status": "Executed successfully"
  }
}

入口函数

包中的唯一模块 cli_args.move 定义了一个简单的 Holder 资源，具有各种数据类型的字段：

Holder in cli_args.move
module test_account::cli_args {
  use std::signer;
  use aptos_std::type_info::{Self, TypeInfo};
  use std::string::String;
 
  struct Holder has key, drop {
      u8_solo: u8,
      bytes: vector<u8>,
      utf8_string: String,
      bool_vec: vector<bool>,
      address_vec_vec: vector<vector<address>>,
      type_info_1: TypeInfo,
      type_info_2: TypeInfo,
  }

一个公共入口函数可以用于设置字段，具有多层嵌套向量：

Setter function in cli_args.move
/// 在 `account` 下设置 `Holder` 中的值。
public entry fun set_vals<T1, T2>(
    account: signer,
    u8_solo: u8,
    bytes: vector<u8>,
    utf8_string: String,
    bool_vec: vector<bool>,
    address_vec_vec: vector<vector<address>>,
) acquires Holder {
    let account_addr = signer::address_of(&account);
    if (exists<Holder>(account_addr)) {
        move_from<Holder>(account_addr);
    };
    move_to(&account, Holder {
        u8_solo,
        bytes,
        utf8_string,
        bool_vec,
        address_vec_vec,
        type_info_1: type_info::type_of<T1>(),
        type_info_2: type_info::type_of<T2>(),
    });
}

在包发布后，可以使用 aptos move run 调用 set_vals()：

ℹ️

要从命令行传递向量（包括嵌套向量）作为参数，请使用转义的 JSON 语法！

Running function with nested vector arguments from CLI
aptos move run \
    --function-id $ace_addr::cli_args::set_vals \
    --type-args \
        0x1::account::Account \
        0x1::chain_id::ChainId \
    --args \
        u8:123 \
        "hex:0x1234" \
        "string:hello, world\! ♥" \
        "bool:[false, true, false, false]" \
        'address:[["0xace", "0xbee"], ["0xcad"], []]' \
    --private-key-file ace.key \
...(about 100 lines omitted)...
 
## 脚本函数
 
包还包含一个脚本 `set_vals.move`，它是设置函数的包装器：
 
```move filename="script"
script {
    use test_account::cli_args;
    use std::vector;
    use std::string::String;
 
    /// 获取一个 `bool` 向量，其中每个元素指示
    /// 对应的 `u8_vec` 中的元素是否大于 `u8_solo`。
    /// 然后将 `address_solo` 打包到一个 `vector<vector<address>>` 中，并
    /// 将结果参数集传递给公共入口函数。
    fun set_vals<T1, T2>(
        account: signer,
        u8_solo: u8,
        bytes: vector<u8>,
        utf8_string: String,
        u8_vec: vector<u8>,
        address_solo: address,
    ) {
        let bool_vec = vector::map_ref(&u8_vec, |e_ref| *e_ref > u8_solo);
        let addr_vec_vec = vector[vector[address_solo]];
        cli_args::set_vals<T1, T2>(account, u8_solo, bytes, utf8_string, bool_vec, addr_vec_vec);
    }
}

首先编译包（这将编译脚本）：

Compilation
aptos move compile --named-addresses test_account=$ace_addr
输出
Terminal
{
  "Result": [
    "acef1b9b7d4ab208b99fed60746d18dcd74865edb7eb3c3f1428233988e4ba46::cli_args"
  ]
}

接下来，运行 aptos move run-script：

Arguments via CLI
aptos move run-script \
    --compiled-script-path build/CliArgs/bytecode_scripts/set_vals.mv \
    --type-args \
        0x1::account::Account \
        0x1::chain_id::ChainId \
    --args \
        u8:123 \
        "hex:0x1234" \
        "string:hello, world\! ♥" \
        "u8:[122, 123, 124, 125]" \
        address:"0xace" \
    --private-key-file ace.key \
    --assume-yes
输出
Terminal
{
  "Result": {
    "transaction_hash": "0x1d644eba8187843cc43919469112339bc2c435a49a733ac813b7bc6c79770152",
    "gas_used": 3,
    "gas_unit_price": 100,
    "sender": "acef1b9b7d4ab208b99fed60746d18dcd74865edb7eb3c3f1428233988e4ba46",
    "sequence_number": 4,
    "success": true,
    "timestamp_us": 1685078516832128,
    "version": 528427132,
    "vm_status": "Executed successfully"
  }
}
Arguments via JSON file
aptos move run-script \
    --compiled-script-path build/CliArgs/bytecode_scripts/set_vals.mv \
    --json-file script_function_arguments.json \
    --private-key-file ace.key \
    --assume-yes
输出
Terminal
{
  "Result": {
    "transaction_hash": "0x840e2d6a5ab80d5a570effb3665f775f1755e0fd8d76e52bfa7241aaade883d7",
    "gas_used": 3,
    "gas_unit_price": 100,
    "sender": "acef1b9b7d4ab208b99fed60746d18dcd74865edb7eb3c3f1428233988e4ba46",
    "sequence_number": 5,
    "success": true,
    "timestamp_us": 1685078616832128,
    "version": 528428132,
    "vm_status": "Executed successfully"
  }
}
script_function_arguments.json
{
    "type_args": [
        "0x1::account::Account",
        "0x1::chain_id::ChainId"
    ],
    "args": [
        {
            "type": "u8",
            "value": 123
        },
        {
            "type": "hex",
            "value": "0x1234"
        },
        {
            "type": "string",
            "value": "hello, world! ♥"
        },
        {
            "type": "u8",
            "value": [
                122,
                123,
                124,
                125
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "address",
            "value": "0xace"
        }
    ]
}

这两种脚本函数调用都会产生以下 reveal() 视图函数输出：

View function call
aptos move view \
    --function-id $ace_addr::cli_args::reveal \
    --type-args \
        0x1::account::Account \
        0x1::chain_id::ChainId \
    --args address:$ace_addr
View function output
{
  "Result": [
    {
      "address_vec_vec": [["0xace"]],
      "bool_vec": [false, false, true, true],
      "bytes": "0x1234",
      "type_info_1_match": true,
      "type_info_2_match": true,
      "u8_solo": 123,
      "utf8_string": "hello, world! ♥"
    }
  ]
}
ℹ️

截至本文撰写时，aptos CLI 仅支持脚本函数参数为类型为 u8 的向量，并且仅支持深度为 1 的向量。因此 vector<address> 和 vector<vector<u8>> 是无效的脚本函数参数类型。

使用 Move 合约格式化 Move 合约